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Corrective Jaw Surgery
Corrective jaw, or orthognathic, surgery is performed by Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgeons to correct a wide range of minor and major
skeletal and dental irregularities, including the misalignment of
jaws and teeth, which, in turn, can improve chewing, speaking and
breathing. While the patient's appearance may be dramatically
enhanced as a result of their surgery, orthognathic surgery is
performed to correct functional problems.
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Following are some of the conditions that may
indicate the need for corrective jaw surgery:
- difficulty chewing, or biting food
- difficulty swallowing
- chronic jaw or jaw joint (TMJ) pain and headache
- excessive wear of the teeth
- open bite (space between the upper and lower teeth
when the mouth is closed)
- unbalanced facial appearance from the front, or side
- facial injury or birth defects
- receding chin
- protruding jaw
- inability to make the lips meet without straining
- chronic mouth breathing and dry mouth
- sleep apnea (breathing problems when sleeping,
including snoring)
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Who Needs Corrective Jaw Surgery?
People who may benefit from corrective jaw surgery include those
with an improper bite resulting from misaligned teeth and/or jaws.
In some cases, the upper and lower jaws may grow at different rates.
Injuries and birth defects may also affect jaw alignment. While
orthodontics can usually correct bite, or "occlusion,"
problems when only the teeth are misaligned, corrective jaw surgery
may be necessary to correct misalignment of the jaws.
Evaluating Your Need for Corrective Jaw Surgery
Your dentist, orthodontist and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon
will work together to determine whether you are a candidate for
corrective jaw, or orthognathic, surgery. The Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgeon determines which corrective jaw surgical procedure is
appropriate and performs the actual surgery. It is important to
understand that your treatment, which will probably include
orthodontics before and after surgery, may take several years to
complete. Your Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and orthodontist
understand that this is a long-term commitment for you and your
family.They will try to realistically estimate the time required for
your treatment.
Corrective jaw surgery may reposition all or part of the upper
jaw, lower jaw and chin. When you are fully informed about your case
and your treatment options, you and your dental team will determine
the course of treatment that is best for you.
What Is Involved in Corrective Jaw Surgery?
Before your surgery, orthodontic braces move the teeth into a new
position. Because your teeth are being moved into a position that
will fit together after surgery, you may at first think your bite is
getting worse rather than better. When your Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgeon repositions your jaws during surgery, however, your teeth
should fit together properly.
As your pre-surgical orthodontic treatment nears completion,
additional or updated records, including x-rays, pictures and models
of your teeth, may be taken to help guide your surgery.
Depending on the procedure, corrective jaw surgery may be
performed under general anesthesia in a hospital, an ambulatory
surgical center or in the oral and maxillofacial surgery office.
Surgery may take from one to several hours to complete.
Your Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon will reposition the jawbones
in accordance with your specific needs. In some cases, bone may be
added, taken away or reshaped. Surgical plates, screws, wires and
rubber bands may be used to hold your jaws in their new positions.
Incisions are usually made inside the mouth to reduce visible
scarring; however, some cases do require small incisions outside of
the mouth. When this is necessary, care is taken to minimize their
appearance.
After surgery, your surgeon will provide instructions for a
modified diet, which may include solids and liquids, as well as a
schedule for transitioning to a normal diet. You may also be asked
to refrain from using tobacco products and avoid strenuous physical
activity.
Pain following corrective jaw surgery is easily controlled with
medication and patients are generally able to return to work or
school from one to three weeks after surgery, depending on how they
are feeling. While the initial healing phase is about six weeks,
complete healing of the jaws takes between nine and 12 months.
Enjoy the Benefits
Corrective jaw surgery moves your teeth and jaws into positions
that are more balanced, functional and healthy. Although the goal of
this surgery is to improve your bite and function, some patients
also experience enhancements to their appearance and speech. The
results of corrective jaw surgery can have a dramatic and positive
effect on many aspects of your life. So make the most of the new
you!
ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEONS: AN IMPORTANT LINK
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is the specialty of dentistry that
includes the diagnosis, surgical and adjunctive treatment of
diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and
aesthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the oral and
maxillofacial region.
An oral and maxillofacial surgeon is a graduate of an accredited
dental school who has completed an additional four or more years of
training in an accredited, hospital-based oral and maxillofacial
surgery residency program.
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are an important link in the
referral network for primary care providers. Through appropriate
referrals, patients can be provided with expedient and
cost-effective health care for conditions relating to the specialty
of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
© 2006 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS).
All rights reserved.
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